1824: A Kiss to the Whole World

Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony manages to do what no symphony had previously managed: to transcend musical boundaries. With its intricate psychological layers and allusive sidetracks, it is like a “construction of mirrors, reflecting and refracting the values, hopes, and fears of those who seek to understand and explain it,” according to Beethoven biographer, Nicholas Cook.

1821: A Force of Nature

It begins delicately enough: a unison C, reverberating softly across the strings, oboes, clarinets and bassoons. It swells to a forte before dissipating itself in a short fragment of melody. Silence, followed by a brief answering phrase in the violins. The whole passage repeats itself … 

1820: A Forgotten Titan

In the 1820s and 30s, Luigi Cherubini was the notoriously short-tempered, officious director of the Paris Conservatoire, an institution he ran with the rigour of a crack SAS unit. Punctuality, order and discipline were all sacrosanct to him. He once physically chased a young student, a certain Hector Berlioz …

1819: A Regular Genius

There was little ideology behind Hummel’s art – he was not the sort to make sweeping political or philosophical statements. He would not tear up a dedication page in a fit of rage, offer short shrift to any performer who complained his music was too difficult to play, or throw hard-boiled eggs at …

1817: Madame Appassionata

When the celebrated French pianist and composer, Marie Kiené Bigot de Morogues, began to suffer serious health issues in her early thirties, there were whispers throughout Paris that it was sadly inevitable: that women were physically and temperamentally suspect and not designed to take on demanding …